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Marijuana Botany by Robert Connel Clark
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<blockquote data-quote="cannebosanac" data-source="post: 20055" data-attributes="member: 1357"><p>poglavlje 4 nastavak</p><p></p><p>Senescence or Rejuvenation Stage </p><p>After a pistillate plant finishes floral maturation, the </p><p>production of pistillate calyxes ceases and the plant con- </p><p>tinues senescence (decline towards death). In unusual situ- </p><p>ations, however, rejuvenation will begin and the plant will </p><p>sprout new vegetative growth in preparation for the follow- </p><p>ing season. Senescence is often highlighted by striking color </p><p>changes in the floral clusters. Leaves, calyxes, and stems </p><p>display auxiliary pigments ranging in color from yellow </p><p>through red to deep purple. Eventually a brown shade pre- </p><p>dominates and death is near. In warm areas, rejuvenation </p><p>starts as vegetative shoots form within the floral clusters. </p><p>These shoots are usually made up of unserrated single leaf- </p><p>lets separated by thin stems with long internodes. It is as if </p><p>the plant were reaching for limited winter light. Leaf pro- </p><p>duction is accelerated as plants reach the rejuvenation </p><p>stage, and resin production completely stopped. Floral </p><p>clusters left to ripen until the bitter end usually produce </p><p>inferior marijuana of lowered THC level, especially out- </p><p>doors in bad weather. </p><p>Terpene secretion changes along with cannabinoid </p><p>secretion and psychoactive effect. Various terpenes, ter- </p><p>pene polymers, and other aromatic principles are produced </p><p>and ripen at different times in the development of the </p><p>plant. If these changes in aromatic principles are directly </p><p>correlated with changes in cannabinoid production, then </p><p>harvest selections for cannabinoid level may be possible </p><p>based on the aroma of the ripening floral clusters. </p><p>It is important to understand differences in the anat- </p><p>omy of floral clusters for each Cannabis strain. Trends in </p><p>the relative quantity (dry weight) of various parts (such as </p><p>leaves, calyxes and trichomes) at various harvest dates are </p><p>characteristic of particular strains and may vary widely. </p><p>Some generalizations can be made. In most cases, the per- </p><p>centage of stem weight steadily decreases as the floral clus- </p><p>ter matures. Rejuvenation growth can account for a sudden </p><p>increase in stem percentage. The percentage of inner leaves </p><p>usually starts very low and climbs rapidly as the floral clus </p><p>ters mature. This often reflects increased leaf growth near </p><p>the end of the season. In many strains the percentage of </p><p>inner leaves drops sharply during the peak floral stage and </p><p>rises again as calyx production slows and leaf production in- </p><p>creases in the late floral stage. </p><p>Calyx production follows two basic patterns. In one, </p><p>the percentage of calyxes climbs gradually and levels out </p><p>during the peak floral stage. It begins to decline in the late </p><p>floral stage, and leaf production increases as calyx produc- </p><p>tion ceases. Other strains continue to produce calyxes at </p><p>the expense of leaves, and the calyx percentage increases </p><p>steadily throughout maturation. In both cases, there is </p><p>some tendency for calyx percentage to level out during the </p><p>peak floral stage irrespective of whether leaf growth accel- </p><p>erates or calyx growth continues at a later stage. </p><p>Resins generally accumulate steadily while the plant </p><p>matures, but strains may vary as to the stage of peak resin </p><p>secretion. Seed percentage increases exponentially with </p><p>time if the crop is well fertilized, but most samples of drug </p><p>Cannabis grown domestically are nearly seedless. </p><p>To determine dry weight, samples are harvested, </p><p>labeled, and air dried until the central stem of the floral </p><p>cluster will snap when bent. In plant research, dry weight </p><p>is done in ovens at higher temperatures, but these higher </p><p>temperatures would ruin the Cannabis. The dry floral clus- </p><p>ter is weighed. The outer leaves, inner leaves, calyxes, seeds, </p><p>and stems are segregated and each group weighed individu- </p><p>ally. The percentage is determined by dividing the indivi- </p><p>dual dry weights by the total dry weight. </p><p>Calyx percentage ranges from 30 to 70% of the dry </p><p>weight of the seedless floral clusters, depending on variety </p><p>and harvest date. Inner leaf percentages fluctuate between </p><p>15 and 45% of dry weight; stems range from 10 to 30%. </p><p>It seems obvious that for drug harvesting a maximum calyx </p><p>production is important to quality resin production. A </p><p>strain where maximum calyx production occurs simul- </p><p>taneously with peak resin production is a breeding goal not </p><p>yet attained. </p><p>Harvesting Cannabis at the proper time requires infor- </p><p>mation on how floral clusters mature and a decision on the </p><p>part of the cultivator as to what type of floral clusters are </p><p>desired. With harvesting as with other techniques of culti- </p><p>vation, the path to success is straightened when a definite </p><p>goal is established. Personal preference is always the ulti- </p><p>mate deciding factor. </p><p></p><p>geovisit(); <img src="http://file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="cannebosanac, post: 20055, member: 1357"] poglavlje 4 nastavak Senescence or Rejuvenation Stage After a pistillate plant finishes floral maturation, the production of pistillate calyxes ceases and the plant con- tinues senescence (decline towards death). In unusual situ- ations, however, rejuvenation will begin and the plant will sprout new vegetative growth in preparation for the follow- ing season. Senescence is often highlighted by striking color changes in the floral clusters. Leaves, calyxes, and stems display auxiliary pigments ranging in color from yellow through red to deep purple. Eventually a brown shade pre- dominates and death is near. In warm areas, rejuvenation starts as vegetative shoots form within the floral clusters. These shoots are usually made up of unserrated single leaf- lets separated by thin stems with long internodes. It is as if the plant were reaching for limited winter light. Leaf pro- duction is accelerated as plants reach the rejuvenation stage, and resin production completely stopped. Floral clusters left to ripen until the bitter end usually produce inferior marijuana of lowered THC level, especially out- doors in bad weather. Terpene secretion changes along with cannabinoid secretion and psychoactive effect. Various terpenes, ter- pene polymers, and other aromatic principles are produced and ripen at different times in the development of the plant. If these changes in aromatic principles are directly correlated with changes in cannabinoid production, then harvest selections for cannabinoid level may be possible based on the aroma of the ripening floral clusters. It is important to understand differences in the anat- omy of floral clusters for each Cannabis strain. Trends in the relative quantity (dry weight) of various parts (such as leaves, calyxes and trichomes) at various harvest dates are characteristic of particular strains and may vary widely. Some generalizations can be made. In most cases, the per- centage of stem weight steadily decreases as the floral clus- ter matures. Rejuvenation growth can account for a sudden increase in stem percentage. The percentage of inner leaves usually starts very low and climbs rapidly as the floral clus ters mature. This often reflects increased leaf growth near the end of the season. In many strains the percentage of inner leaves drops sharply during the peak floral stage and rises again as calyx production slows and leaf production in- creases in the late floral stage. Calyx production follows two basic patterns. In one, the percentage of calyxes climbs gradually and levels out during the peak floral stage. It begins to decline in the late floral stage, and leaf production increases as calyx produc- tion ceases. Other strains continue to produce calyxes at the expense of leaves, and the calyx percentage increases steadily throughout maturation. In both cases, there is some tendency for calyx percentage to level out during the peak floral stage irrespective of whether leaf growth accel- erates or calyx growth continues at a later stage. Resins generally accumulate steadily while the plant matures, but strains may vary as to the stage of peak resin secretion. Seed percentage increases exponentially with time if the crop is well fertilized, but most samples of drug Cannabis grown domestically are nearly seedless. To determine dry weight, samples are harvested, labeled, and air dried until the central stem of the floral cluster will snap when bent. In plant research, dry weight is done in ovens at higher temperatures, but these higher temperatures would ruin the Cannabis. The dry floral clus- ter is weighed. The outer leaves, inner leaves, calyxes, seeds, and stems are segregated and each group weighed individu- ally. The percentage is determined by dividing the indivi- dual dry weights by the total dry weight. Calyx percentage ranges from 30 to 70% of the dry weight of the seedless floral clusters, depending on variety and harvest date. Inner leaf percentages fluctuate between 15 and 45% of dry weight; stems range from 10 to 30%. It seems obvious that for drug harvesting a maximum calyx production is important to quality resin production. A strain where maximum calyx production occurs simul- taneously with peak resin production is a breeding goal not yet attained. Harvesting Cannabis at the proper time requires infor- mation on how floral clusters mature and a decision on the part of the cultivator as to what type of floral clusters are desired. With harvesting as with other techniques of culti- vation, the path to success is straightened when a definite goal is established. Personal preference is always the ulti- mate deciding factor. geovisit(); [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.gif[/IMG] [/QUOTE]
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